Bank of Canada interest rate cut in July supported by this data

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“Let’s just enjoy the moment for a bit,” Bank of Canada governor Tiff Macklem said last week when reporters pressed him on whether the June interest rate cut would be followed by another in July.

Canada’s central bank reduced its rate 25 basis points to 4.75 per cent on June 5, its first cut in the most aggressive rate hiking cycle in recent memory.

Macklem stressed decisions going forward would be made “one meeting at a time,” but jobs data released after Wednesday’s announcement have reinforced the view of some economists that the central bank will cut again at its next meeting in July.

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There was no debate that Canada’s Labour Force Survey out Friday was soft.

The unemployment rate rose to 6.2 per cent in May, and the employment rate fell to its lowest level since late 2021. The economy gained jobs, but they were all part-time. Full-time positions dropped the most in one month in almost two years.

Compare that to the United States, where job growth beat expectations in May (see below), pretty much guaranteeing the United States Federal Reserve will hold its rate at its meeting later this week.

Wage growth which climbed 5.2 per cent remains a risk in Canada.

However, Marc Desormeaux, principal economist for Fédération des caisses Desjardins du Québec, does not think this will deter the central bank from cutting again in July. The bank looks at a wide range of wage indictors and most of them show a “more contained pace of compensation gains, ” he said.

There are also indications that wage gains are not being fully passed on to consumers.

“Although wage pressures remain a risk to watch, the labour market is still softening and inflation is easing,” said Desormeaux. “The bank should — for now — take comfort in these trends.”

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The Bank of Canada said on June 5 that further cuts could be expected if certain conditions were met and May’s jobs report fits the bill, according to the team at BofA Global Research led by economist Carlos Capistran.

“May’s labour report bodes well for the BoC cutting again in July despite the wage growth acceleration,” BofA said in a note after the data.

Among their arguments is that the involuntary part-time rate increased, suggesting a weaker economy and the rising unemployment rate signals a cooling labour market.

“We expect a 25bp cut on July 24, with the rate at 3.75 per cent by year-end,” said Capistran.

CIBC Economics also sees the central bank on track for a rate cut in July. The unemployment rate is now 1.5 percentage points above its 2022 low, showing that “ample labour market slack has opened. Moreover the bounce in GDP in April appears have been a one-off,” wrote CIBC economist Katherine Judge in a note.

Not all are convinced however.

“The surprising pick-up in wage growth” is reason to be cautious about a July call, said Stephen Brown, deputy chief North American economist for Capital Economics.

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For James Orlando, senior economist at Toronto Dominion Bank, it’s the housing market. Signs of interest rate relief have in the past stoked property sales, and the Bank of Canada is “likely to proceed cautiously,” to avoid this, he said.

“For this reason, we expect the central bank to pause in July, before cutting again in September and December,” said Orlando.

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Canada’s job market has cooled but that’s not the case south of the border. United States’ job growth surged in May, data showed Friday, crushing any hope of a interest rate cut when the Federal Reserve meets this week.

Non-farm payrolls increased 272,000 in May, storming past expectations of 180,000 jobs. Wage growth also picked up.

“It’s a very Fed-unfriendly report – an easing-unfriendly report,” Jay Bryson, Wells Fargo & Co. chief economist told Bloomberg. “Taking this piece of data by itself means the Fed is likely to remain on hold for the next several months.”

The Fed announces its rate decision at 2 p.m. Wednesday, hours after key inflation data is released at 8:30 a.m., but economist Mohamed El-Erian says even the consumer price index report won’t budge the Fed from its holding pattern.

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“It does close the door on a July rate cut, regardless of what the CPI number says next week,” said El-Erian told Bloomberg after the jobs numbers were released Friday. “There is no way they can cut or signal a cut in July with this data.”

Market bets of a July cut dropped from 20 per cent to just 7 per cent after the data. Traders now expect 1.6 rate cuts for 2024, down from two, said Nick Rees, FX Market Analyst for Monex.

What the Fed does matters to Canadians. The Bank of Canada will be keeping a close eye on the Federal Funds Rate in months to come, wary of too big a policy gap.

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The Bank of Canada cut its rate by a quarter-point last Wednesday and the European Central Bank followed suit on Thursday, but the United States Federal Reserve is still pretty hawkish. Economist Dylan Smith says the north is the natural place to look for investment opportunities when the U.S. economy diverges from its G7 peers. Find out the winners and losers when the loonie is weak here.

Are you worried about having enough for retirement? Do you need to adjust your portfolio? Are you wondering how to make ends meet? Drop us a line with your contact info and the gist of your problem and we’ll try to find some experts to help you out, while writing a Family Finance story about it (we’ll keep your name out of it, of course). If you have a simpler question, the crack team at FP Answers, led by Julie Cazzin, can give it a shot.

McLister on mortgages

Want to learn more about mortgages? Mortgage strategist Robert McLister’s Financial Post column can help navigate the complex sector, from the latest trends to financing opportunities you won’t want to miss. Plus check his mortgage rate page for Canada’s lowest national mortgage rates, updated daily.

Today’s Posthaste was written by Pamela Heaven, with additional reporting from Financial Post staff, The Canadian Press and Bloomberg.

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